Scoloring synthetic hydrophobic fibers with aralkyl substituted phenol

ABSTRACT

A TECHNIQUE IS DISCLOSED FOR COLORING HYDROPHOBIC TEXTILE FIBERS, PARTICULARLY POLYESTER FIBERS WITH A DISPERSE DYESTUFF EMPLOYING ORTHO-BENZYL PARA-CHLORO PHENOL.

United States Patent Oflice 3,756,773 COLORING SYNTHETIC HYDROPHOBICFIBERS WITH ARALKYL SUBSTITUTED PHENOLS Jayanti Isharani, Dobbs Ferry,N.Y., assiguor to Ciba-Geigy Corporation, Greenburgh, N.Y. No Drawing.Filed Aug. 2, 1971, Ser. No. 168,385

Int. Cl. D06p /04 US. Cl. 8173 1 Claim ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE Atechnique is disclosed for coloring hydrophobic textile fibers,particularly polyester fibers with a disperse dyestuif employingortho-benzyl para-chloro phenol.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention is directed to aprocess of dyeing and printing hydrophobic organic polymers withdisperse or :basic dyestuffs utilizing a carrier component of an aralkylsubstituted phenol, substituted halophenol, or the salts thereof.

It is well known in the prior art techniques of dyeing and printing thatspecial procedures are necessary to color a textile structure or fabricthat is water impermeable since otherwise serious problems arise. Forexample, with many conventional techniques, the dyestutf does notpenetrate the water impermeable material and does not affect colorationshould coloration occur, it is not of a permanent nature and leaches outduring a subsequent washing step.

To circumvent the problems of the noncoloration or the leaching of thedye, the prior art has employed in the treatment of the hydrophobicsynthetic fibers elevated pressures with temperatures greater generallythan 250 F. Generally speaking, dyeing under pressure at elevatedtemperature is undesirable due to the expense and complex proceduresemployed. To bypass this dyeing technique, the prior art has also turnedto specific carrier components. These carriers aid in the penetration ofthe dye into the fiber by causing a swelling of the base substrate.

The use of carriers in dyeing techniques upon hydrophobic fibers allowssatisfactory results as temperatures as low as 200 to 210 F. although atemperature of 212 F. at normal atmospheric pressure is preferred. Thereare many carrier compenents for hydrophobic fibers known in the priorart to be employed with a variety of dyes. Nevertheless many of thesecarrier components have some drawbacks such as lack of availability,undue toxicity, lack of ease of removal from the substrate, efiect onlightfastness of color, or influence of buildup of a heavy shade,

It is an object of this invention to provide a novel carrier componentwhich is suitable [for dyeing hydrophobic material.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION In accordance with the present technique ofthis invention dyeing and printing of synthetic hydrophobic fiberutilizes a disperse or basic dyestuif in conjunction with an emulsion ofa carrier component of an aralkyl substituted phenol, substitutedhalophenol as well as its water soluble salts. This carrier is of thefollowing formula:

wherein R represents an aralkyl group and R represents hydrogen or ahalogen. Illustratively, the salts of the aralkyl substituted phenol orsubstituted halophenol are 3,756,773 Patented Sept. 4, 1973 formed whenthe carrier component is in the aqueous dyebath environment. In theabove formula an example of a desirable aralkyl is benzyl while anexample of a desirable halogen is chlorine.

The types of dyestuffs employable in the present invention are wellknown in the art as disperse and basic dyestuffs. Illustrative althoughnot limiting of suitable disperse dyestuffs are those listed in theColor Index under the Disperse dye classification. Basic dyes that maybe used include those listed in the Color Index under the basic dyeclassification.

There are various techniques and procedures for dyeing the syntheticfibrous material utilizing the disperse or basic dyestuff and carriercomponent disclosed herein. As employed herein, a fibrous materialincludes fibers, yarns, threads, fabric ribbons, tapes and tabs, Thedisperse dyestuff and emulsified carrier may be added to a bath attemperature equivalent to the boiling point of water. A time interval oftwo or three hours is utilized during which time the fibrous substrateis contacted with the dyebath composition. Thereafter the fabric iswashed followed by drying.

Another technique of applying the dispersed dyestuif in emulsifiedcarrier is with a composition containing the dyestutf carrier andemulsifying agent which is applied by padder on the substrate followedby steaming for a time period of ten or fifteen minutes.

Insofar as printing techniques are concerned printing may be carried outin the usual way by adding the carrier emulsion to a paste and printingthe material on a roller or screen printing unit followed by fixing thedye by exposing to steam or heat treatment.

A thermosol technique may be utilized by padding the material with amixture of a disperse dye-emulsified carrier of the type disclosedherein followed by drying at 100 to 250 C. for 1 to 30 minutes.Alternatively thermofixing may take place with steam injection attemperaturetime conditions as 340 F. for 1 to 30 minutes.

The types of substrates that may be employed as previously disclosed arehydrophobic materials that do not color readily without the use of acarrier component. Suitable examples of the hydrophobic material includepolyester and acid modified polyester, polyamide, cationic dyeablepolyamide, polypropylene, polyacrylonitrile, and its modified versions,modacrylics, or triacetate.

The amount of carrier component of the type disclosed herein may varywithin wide limits and depends primarily on the dry weight of thehydrophobic material being dyed. The limit of the carrier components arebroad and may be from 0.1 to 30% by weight of the active carriercontents. A more preferred range will be between 1 to 10% by weight.

The above mentioned carrier of this invention is not restricted to beingapplied alone but can be incorporated with other carriers such aso-phenol phenyl, biphenyl, chlorinated hydrocarbons, salicylates, alkylbenzoates, methyl naphthylene such as to an extent of 50% by weight ofthe disclosed carrier and thus conserve the original characteristics ofthe aralkyl substituted phenols or halophenols or their water solublesalts respectively.

It is also within the scope of the present invention that a solvent ofthe carrier component be employed. For example, glycols and glycolethers are suitable for the carrier component. Illustratively forortho-benzyl parachloro phenol suitable solvents include 2-phenoxyethanol and p-chloro-Z-phenoxy ethanol.

To further illustrate the innovative aspects of the present inventionthe following examples are provided:

'Example 1 The dye carrier is prepared by mixing partsB-orthobenzyl-para-chloro phenol and 20 parts sulfated nonyl 3 poly(ethylene oxy) ethanol. 30 g./l. of this emulsion is mixed with 10 g./l.of a gum (Polygum 260) and 10 g./l. of dyestuff of the following formula(3.1. Dis erse Yellow 23 A polyester carpet is padded with this mixtureon Kuster padder (wet pickup 300%) and is steamed in Kuster steamer for12 minutes. A yellow shade is obtained with good general fastness.

Example 2 A dye carrier is prepared from 70 parts ortho benzylpara-chloro phenol, 10 parts methyl salicylate and 20 parts dioctylsulfosuccinate. 30 g./l. of this emulsion is mixed with 10 g./l. polygum260 and 10 g./l. dyestuff of the following formula:

OH 0.1. Dlsperse Blue 64 A) GHQ-OCH:

The procedure of dyeing is the same as in Example 1.

Example 3 The technique of Example 2 is followed but with the followingdyestuffs mixture and a steaming time of minutes:

G./l. C.I. Disperse Red 80 8 Cl. Disperse Orange 37 (a monoazo dye) 8Cl. Disperse Red 65 (a monoazo dye) 0.7

A dark red is obtained with very good lightfastness.

Example 4 A printing paste is utilized which contains a 4% carrieremulsion of Example 1 with 3% alginate thickener and 1% of the dyestuffformula:

NH C.I. Dlsperse Blue 27 CHgCHgOH HO OH 4 After printing, the substrateis submitted to a 30 minute steaming at 20 lb. pressure. After rinsingand soaping a strong blue is obtained, with good fastness properties.

Example 5 The procedure is the same as Example 4 but is printed onpolyester carpet and heat set 1% minutes at 350 F.

Example 6 The procedure of Example 5 is followed except in the carrieremulsion, a carrier mixture of parts of o-benzyl para-chloro phenol and10 parts p-chloro-2-phenoxy ethanol is used.

Example 7 A carpet of acid modified polyester, trade name Fortrel 404 isdyed according to Example 2 with 5 g./l. of dyestuff of the followingformula:

or. Basic Red 18 omonzi'uonm References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS2,743,991 5/ 1956 Schoonover 8173 X 3,702,229 11/ 1972 Campana 8173FOREIGN PATENTS 1,000,407 11/ 1972 Great Britain.

1,142,338 4/1963 Germany 8-l75 OTHER REFERENCES J. Valentine, J. PolymerSci., vol, XXIH, pp. 297-314.

DONALD LEVY, Primary Examiner US. Cl. X.R.

